Lochkreisdurchmesser von Kurbeln (Tabelle)
Kettenblätter von Fahrrädern haben zwischen drei und sechs konzentrisch angeordnete Löchern, mittels derer sie an die Kurbel geschraubt werden. Die folgenden Tabellen listet für die bekanntesten Marken die Lochkreisdurchmesser nach Anzahl der Befestigungslöscher auf.
Indirektes Messen
Direktes Messen des Lochkreisdurchmessers ist mit einem Lineal oder Messtab nicht möglich. Keine zwei Löcher bei einer ungeraden Anzahl liegen sich direkt gegenüber. Ein herausstehendes Bauteil kann ein direktes Messen bei einem Kurbelspider verhindern. Auf dieser Seite sind die Abstände zwischen zwei Befestigungslöchern, die sich nicht direkt gegenüberliegen aufgelistet. So kann man den Lochkreisdurchmesser identifizieren.
Viele Referenzwebseiten beshreiben die Abständen zwischen den Löchern als Abstand von Mitte zu Mitte. Jedoch befindet sich in der Mitte des Lochs nur leerer Raum. Das macht das Messen schwierig. Wenn man von der rechten Seite zur rechten Seite misst (oder linke Seite zur linken Seite), ist die Messeung sicherlich genauer. Das siehtr man in folgendem Bild.
Mesen des Abstands zweier nicht direkt enachbarter Löscher reduziert die Wahrscheinlichkeit von Fehlern, wenn die Unterschiede sehr klein sind. Als kleine Übung kannst Du die Dimensionen in den weiter unten folgenden Tabellen hernehmen und versuchen, die hier in den Bildern gezeigten Kettenblätter zu identifizieren. Als Gegtenbeweis kannst Du dann den Markennamen, der in das Kettenblatt eingestanzt ist, als Vergleich hinzuziehen.
Der Lochkreisdiurchmesser gibt nicht die gesamte Geschichte über Austauschbarkeit wieder, wenn man Bauteile mischt. Manchmal lassen sich Probleme lösen, indem man das Kettenblatt mit der Innenseite nach außen montiert oder Unterlegscheibven einsetzt, um Abstände auszugleichen. Folgende Problemfälle kann man sich ansehen:
- Most 4-bolt and 5-bolt chainrings have 10mm bolt holes, though some have 8mm or are threaded.. Most 3 and 6-bolt chainrings have 7-9mm bolt holes.
- The stack of chainring(s), crank spider and washers must be thick enough that bolts and sleeve nuts tighten up against the chainring(s), not against each other. A problem most commonly occurs when using a single chainring with bolts and sleeve nuts made for a double. You may have to invert the chainring so bolt heads do not sit in recesses, or add a washer under the flange of the sleeve nut.
- The teeth of a chainring may be toward the inside, the outside, or in between. Shifting is smoothest if teeth of an outer chainring are toward the inside, or the inside face has a smooth taper approaching the teeth, so the chain can engage a tooth when upshifting:
- A chainring with teeh alternating wide and narrow is usable only on a single-chainwheel system, as the chain may not land correctly after derailing.
- Most chainrings pull chain equally well in either direction. Some have specially-formed teeth made to pull only in a single direction.
- A chainring for narrower chain can work with a wider one, but spacing between chainrings may need adjustment for the best shifting.
- Chainrings for wider chain may work with slightly narrower chain, but this chain may require closer chainring spacing for clean shifting..
- Ramps and pins on chainrings improve shifting with chainrings designed to work with each other. Chainrings without ramps and pins shifted better with old-style chains with protruding rivet pins.
After measuring BCD, you might check Wolf Tooth's Road and MTB chainring entries for details on newer 4- and 5-bolt chainrings; also RaceFace's compatibility table. Wolf Tooth also offers a guide to direct-mount (spiderless) chainrings at the bottom of a page on its Web site..
All bolt-circle patterns used to have bolt holes equally spaced around the bolt circle. Starting around 2010, manufacturers introduced patterns with unevenly-spaced holes. These allow bolt heads of a small-diameter pattern to clear a thick crank, and enforce chainring orientation, important with ramps and pins. Unevenly-spaced bolt holes make it impossible to turn chainrings to increase wear life, and some patterns reflect mere cussedness -- "brand lock". Please see the page at pardo.net discussing technical, pricing and availability issues for chainrings with unevenly-spaced bolt holes.
Bolt-hole spacing dimensions here for evenly-spaced holes reflect exact (known) angles. We have given dimensions reflecting an integer number of degrees, probably correct, for unevenly-spaced holes. Measured angles for all Shimano unevenly-spaced holes were so near 70 and 110 degrees that our numbers are almost certainly correct. SRAM had to be different, and its angles appear to be 72 degrees (same as with a 5-bolt chainring) and 108 degrees. Wolf Tooth and FSA sell chainrings to fit other manufacturers' cranks but also chainrings that fit only their own cranks and direct-mount spiders.
We are working on a Web page with more observations, and a description of how we generated the numbers in the table below. If you can provide corrections or additional information, please do! A Microsoft Excel workbook with calculations of all the dimensions used on this page is available on this site.
Many thanks to Ulrik Hansen for updates to the 4-bolt crank list.
Vier-Loch Kurbeln/Kettenblätter, gleichmäßige Abtsände
| Vier-Loch mit gleichmäßigen Abständen Unregelmäßige Abstände siehe nächste Tabelle Gib auf nahe beieinanderliegende Maße acht! Messen nicht vergessen! Der Lochkreisdurchmesser ist 1,414, 1/sin (45°) multipliziert mit dem Abstand zwischen benachbarten Löchern. | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| LKD (mm) | Kleinstes Blatt | Abstand zwischen benachbarten Löchern (mm) | Anwendung |
| 146 | 44 | 103.2 | Shimano XTR M960 Hollowtech 4-arm outer. |
| 145 | 44 | 102.5 | Campagnolo Super Record, Record, Chorus |
| 120 | 36 | 84.9 | SRAM 2 x 10 and XX. Threaded. |
| 112 | 34 | 79.2 | Shimano XTR M950, M952 4-arm middle/outer, Campagnolo inner. |
| 110 | 34 | 77.8 | FSA K-Force Light, Vero Pro |
| 104 | 30 | 73.5 | Shimano XT, LX 4-arm outer 12 SPD, Sugino MX350. Some are threaded. See RaceFace compatibility table. |
| 102 | 32 | 72.1 | Shimano 2003 XTR MX960 4-arm middle, |
| 96 | 30 | 67.9 | Shimano compact triple cranksets models M782, M672, M622, M612 |
| 94 | 30 | 66.5 | SRAM XO1, X1, GX, NX |
| 90 | 30 | 63.6 | FSA: K-Force Modular Supercompact, Omega Pro, Powerbox Supercompact Stealth, Road Modular, Vero Pro |
| 88 | 28 | 62.2 | Shimano M985 |
| 68 | 22 | 48.1 | Shimano XTR M950, M952 4-arm inner, FSA Comet Modular |
| 64 | 22 | 45.3 | Shimano XTR M960, XT, LX 4-arm inner. See RaceFace compatibility table. |
| 58 | 20 | 41.0 | Sugino MX350 4-arm inner |
4-Bolt Cranks/Chainwheels, uneven spacing:
Measurements between adjacent holes of uneven patterns are adjusted to nearest whole degree of angle between bolt holes, reflecting probable correct values. The first number given is for holes either side of the crank. If there are three spacings, the last and smallest is for holes opposite the crank. BCD (mm) Smallest Ring Between adjacent holes (mm) Application 110 34 90.1, 63.1 Shimano Dura Ace 9000, Ultegra 6800, 105 5800, Tiagra 4703, 4700; Dura Ace with modification 110 34 89.0, 64.7 SRAM Apex 1. 72/108 degree angles. Shimano is 70, 110. 110 34 84.3, 77.8, 70.7 FSA Gossamer ABS, K-Force ABS, Powerbox, SL-K ABS 100 32 92.7, 64.3, 58.8 3T Torno. Must use 3T bolts. Looks like a 5-bolt pattern with one bolt missing. 96 30 78.6, 55.1 Shimano XT M8000, SLX M7000, Deore M6000, 10mm holes; XTR M9000 and M9020, M7 threaded holes. 96 36 73.5, 67.9, 61.7 FSA 96/68 SLK MTB ABS 76 26 65.8, 48.9 FSA Afterburner, Comet, K-Korce, SLK MTB ABS 76 25 62.3, 53.7, 48.9 SRAM XX1 11-speed, Cannondale, Specialized Stout. Threaded for M8 bolts. 68 22 52.1, 48.1, 43.7 FSA Comet MTB Modular, Comet triple, K-Force Modular, SL-K MTB Modular, V-Drive MTB Modular 64 22 52.4, 36.7 Shimano XT, SLX, XTR 11-speed with the "X" shaped bolt pattern.
5-Bolt Cranks/Chainwheels: The BCD is: 1.701, 1/sin 36°, times the spacing between adjacent holes, 1.052 , 1/sin 72°, times the spacing between non-adjacent holes. BCD (mm) Smallest Ring Between adjacent holes (mm) Between non-adjacent holes (mm) Application 151 44 88.8 143.6 Very old Campagnolo standard (pre '67) (Obsolete) 144 41 84.6 137.0 Old Campagnolo standard, still used for track; S-A FCT 135 39 79.4 128.4 Current Campagnolo standard 130 38 76.4 123.6 Standard Road double and triple (outer 2); S-A FCS 128 38 75.2 121.7 Nervar Sport, Star (Obsolete) 122 38 71.7 116.0 Stronglight 93, 101, 103, 104, 105 (Obsolete) 118 36 69.4 112.2 Ofmega, SR (Obsolete) 116 35 68.2 110.3 Old Campagnolo Gran Sport touring, Victory, Triomphe 110, 112 34 64.7, 65.2 104.6, 105.6 Campagnolo CT inner/middle/outer with one bolt at larger diameter behind crank 110 38 84.3, 77.8, 70.7, 46.5 FSA K-Force ABS: uneven pattern, 4 bolt with extra bolt behind crank 110 33 64.7 104.6 Touring double, standard triple outer 102 32 60.0 97.0 Avocet triple inner (obsolete). Note, NOT same as Campagnolo. 100 31; 36 58.8 95.1 Merz adapter; Campagnolo triple inner (Obsolete) 94 29 55.3 89.4 Compact triple outer 93 28 58.5, 52.7, 55.3, 54.0, 52.7 Wolf Tooth "CAMO", barely noticeable uneven spacing, requires Wolf Tooth spider and bolts. Dimensions are reverse-engineered from photos, may be slightly wrong. 92 30 54.1 87.5 Shimano Dura-Ace triple inner 90 30 52.9 85.6 Edco, Mavic triple inner (old) 86 28 50.5 81.8 Stronglight 80, 99, 100, SR Apex (Obsolete). Chainwheels must be installed back to back, triple shifts poorly. 85 28 50.0 80.8 Old Shimano Deore, Takagi triple inner. (Obsolete) 80 26 47.0 76.1 Tevano (TA Campagnolo clone) triple inner. Bolts not interchangeable with others. 74 24 43.5 70.4 Standard ("full-sized") triple inner, used with 110 mm, 130 mm or 135 mm outer. 58 20 34.1 55.2 Compact granny 56 20 32.9 53.3 Sun Tour Compact granny (Obsolete) 50.4 n/a 29.6 47.9 TA Cyclotouriste, Criterium, Lambert, Shimano Deore, others: attachment for outer chainring; 7 mm holes. 6- and 3-Bolt Cranks/Chainwheels: The BCD is: 2.000, 1/sin 30°, times the spacing between adjacent holes (6-bolt), 1.154 , 1/sin 60°, times the spacing between adjacent holes (3-bolt) or non-adjacent holes (6 bolt) BCD (mm) Smallest Ring Between holes 60° apart (mm), 6-bolt Between holes 120° apart (mm) Application 157 78.5 136.0 Several very old Euro models 152 43 76 131.6 TA Criterium bolts between outer chainwheel and others. 143 42 71.5 123.8 Lambert. Inner ring threaded. 140 40 121.2 Campagnolo Gran Sport inner 116 36 100.4 TA Professional (10 mm holes), many old Euro steel cranks 116 36 58 100.4 TA Randonneur: bolts are between outer chainwheel and others. 112 ? 97.0 Takagi 106 32 91.8 Sugino Maxy, others w/8mm holes, SR Apex w/10mm holes. 95 30 82.3 Shimano 600, 310 88.9 (3.5") 30? 77.0 Nicklin, Cross, Williams (very old) 86 28 74.5 FSA Pro MTB 386, Comet 386 MTB 85 28 73.6 SR Custom 3 80 26 40 69.2 TA Cyclotouriste, Lambert: bolts between outer chainwheel and others. 70 24 60.6 René Herse. 10mm holes.
Quelle
Dieser Artikel basiert auf dem Artikel Sheldon Brown's Bicycle Crank/Chainring Bolt Circle Diameter Crib Sheet von der Website Sheldon Browns. Originalautor des Artikels ist Sheldon Brown mit Ergänzungen durch John Allen.
